Technology cluster
Electronics, Power & Device Calculators
Calculators for circuits, batteries, and everyday devices: resistor values, voltage drops, charge times, battery life, UPS runtime, and 3D printing costs for laptops, phones, drones, and robots.
Top calculators
A short starting set for the most common electronics, power & device calculators workflows.
CPU Power Consumption & Battery Life Calculator (Wh & mAh)
Estimate laptop runtime from CPU PL1/TDP, GPU, display and platform power. Converts mAh at a stated pack voltage into Wh and models capacity fade and DC-DC loss.
USB-C Cable Voltage Drop & Charge Time Calculator
Estimate how USB-C cable length, AWG, current, source voltage, battery size, and efficiency affect voltage drop, delivered power, and charging time.
Laptop Battery Life Estimator | Runtime from Wh & Power
Estimate laptop battery life from capacity in watt-hours, screen brightness, CPU load, and accessory power draw, with formulas, a worked example, and a power breakdown.
UPS Runtime Calculator - Peukert-Corrected Backup Time
Estimate UPS battery runtime from capacity, connected load, inverter efficiency and the Peukert exponent, and see why a heavy load costs extra minutes.
Cordless Power Tool Battery Charge Cost Calculator
Estimate the electricity used to charge cordless power tool batteries and calculate cost per charge, per week, and per year using voltage, amp-hours, charger efficiency, local electric rates, and charging frequency.
Battery Life Calculator - Estimate Device Runtime
Predict how long your phone, laptop, or other gadget will run on a single charge using battery capacity and power consumption.
Battery Voltage-Sag Internal Resistance Calculator
Calculate a battery's internal resistance and internal power loss from open-circuit voltage, loaded voltage, and load current.
Router UPS Runtime Calculator | Estimate Wi‑Fi and Modem Backup Time
Estimate how long a router, modem, or fiber ONT stays online on a UPS from battery watt-hours, networking load in watts, and UPS efficiency, with a worked example.
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3D Printer Filament Usage Estimator: Weight to Length & Cost
Estimate 3D printer filament length from model weight using density, diameter, and waste %. Includes batch quantity, spool remaining check, and optional cost estimate.
3D Printing Carbon Footprint Calculator for Filament and Power
Estimate a 3D print's carbon footprint by combining filament production emissions with printer electricity use, then compare materials, print time, and grid intensity.
3D Printing Time Estimator - Estimate FDM Print Duration
Estimate 3D print time from filament length, average print speed, travel, infill, and support. Compare settings, preview finish time, and plan FDM jobs.
Battery Life Calculator - Estimate Device Runtime
Predict how long your phone, laptop, or other gadget will run on a single charge using battery capacity and power consumption.
Battery Pack Calculator: Series, Parallel, C-Rate and Charge Voltage
Work out pack voltage, capacity, energy, C-rate, charge and cutoff voltage and runtime from cell specs and Ns/Np counts, with a pack diagram and chemistry presets.
Battery Replacement or New Smartphone: Monthly Cost Calculator
Compare the monthly cost of extending a smartphone's life with a battery replacement against the net monthly cost of upgrading to a new phone.
Battery Voltage-Sag Internal Resistance Calculator
Calculate a battery's internal resistance and internal power loss from open-circuit voltage, loaded voltage, and load current.
Buck Converter Calculator for Duty Cycle, Ripple and CCM/DCM
Calculate buck converter duty cycle, inductor ripple, peak current, CCM or DCM operation, output-capacitor ripple and ESR ripple with practical device drops.
Capacitive Reactance Calculator | Xc for AC Capacitors
Calculate capacitive reactance from capacitance and frequency, estimate AC current from an applied voltage, and check how an ideal capacitor behaves in AC circuits.
Circuit Breaker Panel Load Calculator (Watts to Amps) | Estimate Main Breaker Usage
Estimate electrical panel load in amps from total watts and voltage, then compare it to your main breaker rating. Includes formulas, practical planning guidance, assumptions, examples, and an optional mini-game.
Coaxial Cable Characteristic Impedance Calculator
Estimate coaxial cable characteristic impedance from the inner and outer diameters and dielectric constant, and see how the diameter ratio shifts the matching target.
Cordless Power Tool Battery Charge Cost Calculator
Estimate the electricity used to charge cordless power tool batteries and calculate cost per charge, per week, and per year using voltage, amp-hours, charger efficiency, local electric rates, and charging frequency.
CPU Power Consumption & Battery Life Calculator (Wh & mAh)
Estimate laptop runtime from CPU PL1/TDP, GPU, display and platform power. Converts mAh at a stated pack voltage into Wh and models capacity fade and DC-DC loss.
Drone Rental vs Purchase Cost Calculator | Break-Even Flight-Day Planner
Compare the cost of renting a drone with buying one, total ownership and rental spend over your planning window, and find the break-even days of use per year.
EV Battery Capacity Loss & Warranty Threshold Calculator
Estimate an EV battery's capacity retention from ownership time, mileage, and climate, then compare the estimate with a selected battery-warranty age and capacity threshold.
EV Battery Swap vs Fast Charging Cost Calculator | Compare Stop Cost and Time
Compare a flat EV battery swap fee with DC fast charging cost, stop time, and break-even energy for a single charging session.
Fiber Optic Link Budget Calculator - Received Power and Margin
Calculate fiber-link received optical power and power margin from transmitter power, attenuation, connectors, splices, and system margin.
Ham Radio Antenna Length Calculator: Dipole, Vertical, Loop
Cut dipole, quarter-wave vertical and full-wave loop antennas using the ARRL 468/f, 234/f and 1005/f constants, with FCC Part 97 US band presets.
Homelab Server Electricity Cost Calculator – Monthly and Annual Power Cost
Estimate the monthly and yearly electricity cost of a homelab or home server stack using server count, average wattage, uptime, and your utility's $/kWh rate.
Laptop Battery Life Estimator | Runtime from Wh & Power
Estimate laptop battery life from capacity in watt-hours, screen brightness, CPU load, and accessory power draw, with formulas, a worked example, and a power breakdown.
Laptop Battery Replacement vs New Laptop Cost Calculator for Repair-or-Replace Decisions
Compare the yearly cost of replacing a laptop battery with buying a new laptop. Enter repair cost, labor or time cost, extra years gained, new laptop price, and expected lifespan to see which path is cheaper per year.
Laptop CPU Undervolting Battery Life Savings Calculator
Estimate laptop battery-life gains and electricity savings from CPU undervolting by entering battery capacity, baseline runtime, CPU load power, and undervolt reduction.
Laptop External Monitor Battery Drain Calculator
Estimate how connecting an external monitor affects your laptop's battery life and energy cost.
Laptop Sleep vs Shutdown Energy Cost & Break-Even Calculator
Compare laptop sleep and shutdown using ENERGY STAR power modes: annual kWh and cost, boot-burst energy, and the break-even away time where shutting down wins.
LED Strip Power Supply Calculator | Size a 12V or 24V LED Driver
Calculate the wattage and amperage needed for a 12V or 24V LED strip power supply from strip length and watts per meter, with 20% sizing headroom.
Router UPS Runtime Calculator | Estimate Wi‑Fi and Modem Backup Time
Estimate how long a router, modem, or fiber ONT stays online on a UPS from battery watt-hours, networking load in watts, and UPS efficiency, with a worked example.
Transformer Turns Ratio Calculator - Estimate Ideal Secondary Voltage
Enter primary voltage, primary turns, and secondary turns to estimate an ideal transformer's secondary voltage and see how the turns ratio changes step-up or step-down behavior.
Underground Cable Burial Depth Calculator | NEC Cover & Trench Plan
Estimate NEC-style underground cable and conduit cover, total trench depth, excavation volume, metric values, and wiring-method comparisons for common locations.
UPS Runtime Calculator - Peukert-Corrected Backup Time
Estimate UPS battery runtime from capacity, connected load, inverter efficiency and the Peukert exponent, and see why a heavy load costs extra minutes.
USB-C Cable Voltage Drop & Charge Time Calculator
Estimate how USB-C cable length, AWG, current, source voltage, battery size, and efficiency affect voltage drop, delivered power, and charging time.
VR Headset Refresh Rate Battery Life Calculator | Estimate Runtime and Charge Cost
Estimate VR headset power draw, runtime, and charging cost as refresh rate, brightness, battery capacity, and electricity price change.