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Science Calculators

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Top Science calculators

A hand-picked starting set of 24 calculators. Browse all 518 science calculators through the topic hubs above, or use search.

Earthquake Energy Calculator - Magnitude to Joules and TNT

Convert earthquake moment magnitude into radiated seismic energy, seismic moment and TNT equivalent, compare two quakes, and see why one step is about 32 times.

Earthquake Energy Calculator - Magnitude to Joules and TNT science calculator NIST TNT USGS

Richter / Local Magnitude (ML) Earthquake Magnitude Calculator

Estimate local (Richter) magnitude from Wood-Anderson amplitude and hypocentral distance with the IASPEI standard ML equation, plus a distance-sensitivity chart.

Richter / Local Magnitude (ML) Earthquake Magnitude Calculator science calculator .txt / local magnitude (ml) earthquake magnitude IASPEI

Rocket Equation Simulator

Interactive rocket equation calculator with mass burn, velocity, and energy tracking on a responsive canvas.

Rocket Equation Simulator science calculator CSV HTML5 NASA

Surface Gravity Calculator - Planetary Weight Comparison

Determine the gravitational acceleration on any planet or moon using its mass and radius. Explore how surface gravity shapes planetary environments.

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Buffer Capacity Calculator for Weak Acid Buffers

Estimate buffer capacity for a weak acid/conjugate base pair from pKa, acid concentration, and base concentration.

buffer capacity calculator henderson hasselbalch acid base K a + [H^+] L·pH

Buffer pH Calculator for Acid–Base Ratios | Henderson–Hasselbalch

Calculate an ideal buffer pH from pKa and conjugate base-to-acid concentrations with the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation for laboratory buffer planning.

buffer pH calculator Henderson-Hasselbalch acid base equilibrium H 2 PO 4 − HPO

DNA Codon Translator: Reading-Frame Amino Acid Sequence Calculator

Translate cleaned DNA or RNA triplets in a selected forward reading frame into one-letter amino-acid codes with the standard genetic code, including visible stop codons.

DNA codon translation calculator genetic code amino acid sequence reading frame DNA to protein

DNA Sequencing Coverage Calculator: Depth and Breadth

Estimate mean sequencing depth, Lander-Waterman coverage breadth, the share of bases above a target depth, and the reads a run needs to get there.

DNA sequencing coverage calculator read depth planning breadth of coverage Lander-Waterman paired-end sequencing

Hubble's Law Distance Calculator for Galaxy Distance Estimates

Estimate galaxy distance from redshift with Hubble's Law using an adjustable Hubble constant and a low-redshift velocity approximation.

Hubble law calculator redshift distance cosmology CMB Mpc

Planetary Age Calculator | Your Age on Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, and More

Convert your Earth age into Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and other planetary years using average orbital periods. Includes formulas, examples, assumptions, and an optional orbit-timing mini-game.

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3×3 Matrix Eigenvalue and Eigenvector Calculator

Enter a real 3×3 matrix to compute its characteristic polynomial, eigenvalues, and a real eigenvector for each real root.

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Characteristic Polynomial Calculator for 2×2, 3×3, and 4×4 Matrices

Compute the characteristic polynomial of a small real matrix and see how its coefficients connect to trace, determinant, and eigenvalues.

characteristic polynomial calculator eigenvalues A − λ I A − λI a root finder or eigenvalue calculator

Circle Chord, Arc Length, and Segment Area Calculator

Find chord length, arc length, and segment area from a radius and central angle, with a live circle diagram, MathML formulas, and a worked example.

circle chord calculator arc length circle segment area geometry CAD

Sphere Volume and Surface Area Calculator | Radius-Based Sphere Geometry

Measure a sphere's volume and surface area from its radius with this calculator. See the formulas, a worked example, and the main assumptions behind the result.

sphere volume sphere surface area geometry calculator area assumptions

Beta Distribution Calculator – PDF, CDF, Mean, Variance & Mode

Beta distribution calculator for the Beta(a, b) PDF, exact incomplete-beta CDF, mean, variance, mode, quantiles and Bayesian posterior updates.

beta distribution calculator beta pdf beta cdf incomplete beta function beta mean variance mode

Galton–Watson Branching Process Extinction Probability Calculator

Estimate extinction probability, short-run survival, and criticality for Galton–Watson branching processes with Poisson, binomial, or custom offspring laws.

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Residential Electrical Load Calculator & Breaker Sizing Tool

Estimate household electrical demand, compare it with your service size, and review conservative breaker and panel upgrade guidance for common residential loads.

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Resistive Heating Calculator: Power and Energy From Voltage or Current

Estimate resistive heating power and energy for a resistive load from voltage or current, resistance, and time.

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Off-Grid Refrigerator Battery Runtime Calculator

Estimate how many days a battery bank can run an off-grid refrigerator using daily energy demand, battery capacity, depth of discharge, inverter losses, and solar recharge.

off-grid refrigerator runtime calculator battery bank fridge time inverter efficiency compressor duty cycle solar recharge

Tiny Home Solar Needs Calculator | Estimate Panels and Battery Storage

Estimate how many solar panels and how much battery storage a tiny home needs using daily energy use, panel wattage, sun hours, efficiency, and autonomy days.

tiny home solar calculator off grid power needs solar panel count battery storage calculator LED

HVAC BTU Calculator for System Sizing | Estimate Cooling Tons

Estimate HVAC cooling capacity in BTU/hr and tons for a room, house, or office using square footage, climate, insulation, sun exposure, and internal heat gains. Compare sizing assumptions and review practical limits.

HVAC calculator BTU calculation air conditioning sizing heating system size HVAC capacity

Bolt Shear Capacity Calculator (AISC-Style) | Nominal & Design Strength

Calculate nominal bolt shear strength Vn and design shear strength φVn from bolt diameter, ultimate tensile strength, number of shear planes, and whether threads are in the shear plane. Includes formulas, assumptions, a worked example, practical design notes, and an optional bolt-alignment mini-game.

Bolt Shear Capacity Calculator (AISC-Style) | Nominal & Design Strength science calculator 0.6 factor and 0.78 thread reduction 1 MPa = 1 N AISC

Conveyor Belt Tension Calculator - Effective Tension & Drive Power

Estimate conveyor belt effective tension, tight-side force, and drive power from belt length, speed, load rate, belt weight, lift height, and wrap angle.

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Pipe Flow Rate Calculator: Flow, Head Loss & Reynolds Number

Size any round pipe: flow rate, velocity, Reynolds number, Darcy friction factor and head loss from Colebrook-White, with schedule 40 IDs and roughness data.

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