Science cluster

Statistics & Probability Calculators

Run regression, hypothesis tests, confidence intervals, and probability distributions, and summarize data with means, variance, and percentiles.

Top calculators

A short starting set for the most common statistics & probability calculators workflows.

Beta Distribution Calculator – PDF, CDF, Mean, Variance & Mode

Beta distribution calculator for the Beta(a, b) PDF, exact incomplete-beta CDF, mean, variance, mode, quantiles and Bayesian posterior updates.

beta distribution calculator beta pdf beta cdf incomplete beta function beta mean variance mode

Galton–Watson Branching Process Extinction Probability Calculator

Estimate extinction probability, short-run survival, and criticality for Galton–Watson branching processes with Poisson, binomial, or custom offspring laws.

branching process Galton-Watson extinction probability stochastic processes probability generating function

Hypergeometric Distribution Calculator for Sampling Without Replacement

Compute hypergeometric PMF, CDF, mean, and variance for finite-population draws without replacement.

hypergeometric distribution calculator CDF PMF calculator first evaluates c compute

Interactive Box Plot Calculator: Quartiles, Tukey Fences & Outliers

Create an interactive box-and-whisker plot from a list of values, compare three quartile conventions, and identify Tukey 1.5 × IQR outliers or display the full range.

box and whisker plot calculator five number summary quartiles statistics iqr

Binomial Distribution Calculator for Exact, Cumulative, and Tail Probabilities

Calculate exact, cumulative, and tail probabilities for a binomial distribution with n trials, success probability p, and target successes k.

binomial distribution calculator CDF PMF a whole number a whole number from 0 to n

Expected Value and Variance Calculator | Discrete Outcomes, Spread, and Long-Run Average

Enter outcome-probability pairs to calculate the expected value, variance, and standard deviation of a discrete random variable, with automatic normalization, worked examples, and a balancing mini-game.

expected value calculator variance probability statistics and

Raffle Odds Calculator - Chance of Winning With Multiple Tickets

Work out your raffle win chance from tickets sold, tickets owned and prizes drawn. Exact hypergeometric odds for 0, 1, 2 or more wins, plus expected prizes.

raffle odds calculator probability of winning hypergeometric distribution 1 credit each EMS

Student's t Distribution Calculator - PDF, CDF, Quantiles, and Critical Values

Evaluate the Student's t density, cumulative probability, survival chance, moments, and quantiles for any degrees of freedom.

student t distribution calculator t statistic probability t test t quantile CDF

All calculators in this cluster

Browse 19 calculators matched to this topic, or return to the Science category.

5×5 Absorbing Markov Chain Calculator — Fundamental Matrix and Outcomes

Analyze a 5×5 absorbing Markov transition matrix to calculate the fundamental matrix, expected steps before absorption, and probabilities for each terminal state.

absorbing Markov chain fundamental matrix absorption probabilities expected steps to absorption stochastic process

Beta Distribution Calculator – PDF, CDF, Mean, Variance & Mode

Beta distribution calculator for the Beta(a, b) PDF, exact incomplete-beta CDF, mean, variance, mode, quantiles and Bayesian posterior updates.

beta distribution calculator beta pdf beta cdf incomplete beta function beta mean variance mode

Binomial Distribution Calculator for Exact, Cumulative, and Tail Probabilities

Calculate exact, cumulative, and tail probabilities for a binomial distribution with n trials, success probability p, and target successes k.

binomial distribution calculator CDF PMF a whole number a whole number from 0 to n

Birthday Paradox Calculator: Shared Birthday Odds by Group Size

Work out the chance that two people in a group share a birthday. See the exact formula, a live probability curve, benchmark table, and a collision-wagering mini-game.

birthday paradox probability calculator shared birthday group probability CLEAN

Blackjack Next-Hit Bust Odds Calculator | Dealer Upcard Risk

Calculate blackjack next-hit bust odds, compare them with dealer upcard bust risk, and view a simple hit-or-stand prompt.

blackjack odds calculator bust probability basic strategy blackjack math 52-card ratios

Boltzmann Factor Calculator | Thermal Energy-State Population Ratio

Calculate e^(-ΔE/kT) from an energy difference in eV and temperature in K to find the thermal population ratio between two energy states.

Boltzmann factor calculator statistical mechanics energy probability at room temperature between

Doppelgänger Encounter Probability Calculator - Estimate Look-Alike Odds

Approximate the chance of meeting someone who resembles you based on crowd size and the diversity of appearance traits.

doppelganger probability calculator look-alike odds resemblance estimator appearance approximate

Expected Value and Variance Calculator | Discrete Outcomes, Spread, and Long-Run Average

Enter outcome-probability pairs to calculate the expected value, variance, and standard deviation of a discrete random variable, with automatic normalization, worked examples, and a balancing mini-game.

expected value calculator variance probability statistics and

Food Pantry Inventory Rotation Calculator for FIFO/FEFO Planning | Reduce Waste & Improve Safety

Estimate whether pantry stock will move out before the earliest dated items reach a safe cutoff. Compare current stock, weekly distribution, expected donations, and a safety buffer to guide FIFO/FEFO rotation.

food pantry food bank FIFO FEFO inventory rotation

Galton–Watson Branching Process Extinction Probability Calculator

Estimate extinction probability, short-run survival, and criticality for Galton–Watson branching processes with Poisson, binomial, or custom offspring laws.

branching process Galton-Watson extinction probability stochastic processes probability generating function

Ground Sampling Distance Calculator for Drone Image Resolution

Estimate drone-image ground sampling distance (GSD) in centimeters per pixel from camera pixel size, focal length, and flight altitude.

ground sampling distance calculator photogrammetry pixel resolution GSD altitude at typical flight heights altitude

Hypergeometric Distribution Calculator for Sampling Without Replacement

Compute hypergeometric PMF, CDF, mean, and variance for finite-population draws without replacement.

hypergeometric distribution calculator CDF PMF calculator first evaluates c compute

Interactive Box Plot Calculator: Quartiles, Tukey Fences & Outliers

Create an interactive box-and-whisker plot from a list of values, compare three quartile conventions, and identify Tukey 1.5 × IQR outliers or display the full range.

box and whisker plot calculator five number summary quartiles statistics iqr

Library of Babel Exact Phrase Search Probability Calculator

Estimate the chance that a random volume in Borges' Library of Babel contains an exact phrase of a chosen length anywhere in its 1,312,000-character text.

Library of Babel calculator combinatorial probability Borges anywhere babel

Loot Drop Probability Calculator - Estimate Your Odds for Rare Items

Work out the chance of at least one rare loot drop from a drop rate and attempt count, with expected attempts and the grind needed for 50, 90 and 99 percent.

loot drop probability calculator gaming odds rare item chance 1 minus p 1 minus your target

Permutation & Combination Calculator: All Four Counting Rules

Compute nPr and nCr plus both repetition-allowed counts for any n and r, with exact big-integer results, worked examples and a hands-on enumeration game.

permutation calculator combination calculator nPr nCr combinations with repetition

Raffle Odds Calculator - Chance of Winning With Multiple Tickets

Work out your raffle win chance from tickets sold, tickets owned and prizes drawn. Exact hypergeometric odds for 0, 1, 2 or more wins, plus expected prizes.

raffle odds calculator probability of winning hypergeometric distribution 1 credit each EMS

Roulette Odds Calculator: Wheel Probabilities, EV & House Edge

Compare single-spin roulette win and loss probabilities, net expected return, and house edge for standard bets on European and American wheels.

roulette odds calculator roulette probability roulette expected value European vs American roulette house edge calculator

Student's t Distribution Calculator - PDF, CDF, Quantiles, and Critical Values

Evaluate the Student's t density, cumulative probability, survival chance, moments, and quantiles for any degrees of freedom.

student t distribution calculator t statistic probability t test t quantile CDF